Enhanced Systemic Humoral Immune Response Induced in Mice by Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) Is Associated with Affinity Maturation and Isotype Switching

Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) are outer membrane vesicles derived from Gram-negative bacteria that can be used to design affordable subunit vaccines. GMMA have been observed induce a potent humoral immune response in preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, studies, it has found exploited as optimal antigen carriers both protein saccharide antigens, they able promote the enhancement of antigen-specific when is overexpressed or chemically conjugated GMMA. Here we investigated mechanism this carrier effect by immunizing mice using factor H binding Neisseria meningitidis B an antigen–GMMA model. We confirmed displayed on surface increased IgG production and, above all, antibody functionality measured serum bactericidal activity. capacity induced carrying was associated with increase affinity antigen, switching toward subclasses more potential. Thus, conclude due their ability better quality immunity.